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//Vyberte zemiSlužby pro pokračující provoz větrných turbín
Pravděpodobnost relevantního poškození v důsledku únavy materiálu se poté, co větrná turbína dosáhne konce své projektované životnosti, drasticky zvyšuje. To však nutně neznamená, že musí být vyřazena z provozu. Z praktického hlediska si mnoho turbín udržuje kapacitu i po skončení obvyklé 20leté konstrukční životnosti, takže je lze použít pro další provoz. Identifikace těchto rezerv může vlastníkům a provozovatelům větrných parků pomoci zpřístupnit potenciál těchto turbín pro další výrobu energie po skončení jejich 20leté životnosti.
Když je prodloužení životnosti turbíny po 20 letech identifikováno jako zajímavá možnost, je třeba při realizaci zvážit různé aspekty. Jako základ pro ověření a vyhodnocení základní bezpečnosti s ohledem na konstrukční životnost modelu větrné turbíny se používá typová certifikace. Tento a další faktory musí brát v úvahu požadavky na údržbu a provoz a vhodné větrné a klimatické podmínky ve zvolené lokalitě. Když navržená provozní životnost dospěje ke konci, je nutné připravit odbornou analýzu pro další provoz, aby byly zajištěny a potvrzeny zbývající rezervy pro prodloužení životnosti větrné turbíny.
Odborná analýza společnosti TÜV SÜD pro další provoz vytváří základ pro jakoukoli žádost o další provoz vaší větrné turbíny podávanou úřadům a pojišťovnám. Naše odborná analýza pro další provoz je založena na mezinárodně uznávaných normách a požadavcích BWE (Bundesverband Windenergie e.V. – německá asociace větrné energetiky) a DIBt: 2012.
Postup odborné analýzy pro další provoz:
Po dokončení našich analýz a vyhodnocení kompaktnosti konstrukce je vytvořena podrobná hodnotící zpráva, která transparentně představuje mezní podmínky pro bezpečný další provoz turbíny. Při případných budoucích transakcích s turbínou lze z hodnotící zprávy navíc vycházet při ocenění nebo hodnocení turbíny a jejího stavu. Hodnotící zpráva obsahuje například tyto informace:
– potenciální doba dalšího provozu
- potřebná výměna komponent a dílů
– potřebné opakované inspekce základů, věže, strojního zařízení a listů rotoru
při dalším provozu
Odborná analýza společnosti TÜV SÜD pro další provoz nabízí provozovatelům a majitelům větrných parků různé výhody:
– Obdrží jasně srozumitelnou a podrobnou hodnotící zprávu, která obsahuje
transparentní základ pro rozhodování o dalším provozu větrné turbíny
– Hodnotící zprávu TÜV SÜD pro další provoz můžete použít k podání žádosti
o prodloužení provozního souhlasu úřadů nebo zachování platnosti pojištění
během období dalšího provozu
– TÜV SÜD je akreditovaný certifikační orgán pro větrné turbíny (řada IEC 61400, IECRE
a další) a vydává hodnotící zprávy pro další provoz, které jsou
uznávány všemi relevantními orgány, pojišťovnami a dalšími stranami
po celém světě při prodlužování provozního souhlasu pro vaše větrné turbíny
Využijte maximální potenciál své větrné turbíny při dalším provozu – díky odbornosti a know-how společnosti TÜV SÜD! Naši zkušení odborníci na větrné turbíny poskytují na vyžádání podrobné informace o dostupných službách.
In detail, preparation of an expert analysis for continued operation of a wind turbine is subdivided into three parts. An evaluation report is drawn up based on the results of the analyses performed. If desired, multiple turbines at a single site can be analysed together and the results presented in a combined evaluation report.
When an expert analysis of continued operation and evaluation report are drawn up, various operation and (energy) production data for the wind turbine are considered together with the evaluation reports as part of the Type Certificate. The analysis process further takes into account any documentation related to the erection, commissioning and operating approval of the wind turbine together with its conditions and requirements, as well as maintenance, repair and inspection reports.
The outlined documents and data can only be provided by the operator and owner of the wind turbine. To ensure an efficient workflow, these should be provided before the start of evaluation. If further documents are required they will be requested by our expert engineers in the course of the evaluations. If data or documents are not available, TÜV SÜD will work to find reliable alternative solutions and approaches to clarify the relevant areas in order to be able to issue an evaluation report for continued operation.
When a wind turbine moves into a period of continued operation, it is usually no longer covered by the regular payment schemes set up by governments and authorities worldwide. The point of departure from the payment scheme often, but not always, coincides with the (common) 20-year design life of a wind turbine. Some newer turbines have a longer design life, while some national renewable energy schemes do not guarantee payments for 20 years. Some wind parks may even fall outside any national scheme because a PPA was concluded or a different situation applies.
Assuming the very common situation that a wind turbine has left the national payment scheme and the design life has expired, the energy generated very often has to be sold at currently available market prices. The original prices per kWh at the time of erection and commissioning of the turbine are usually no longer reached. Measures to maintain an optimised energy price during production (e.g. operation of turbine only when high energy prices are guaranteed) are possible, but require the support of the chosen grid operator and energy seller.
In addition to the efforts made in producing the expert analysis of continued operation, further actions, e.g. replacement of components, may be required for the turbine, either immediately or after a few years of operation.
Even if the economic situation of turbine operation in the continued operation period is characterised by decreasing income and earnings, there might still be identifiable potential savings. This mainly involves savings related to rent (e.g. when rental contracts come up for extension, an earnings-related variable rent may be feasible that would save rent in the continued operation periods and potentially offer the lessor a later option to increase rents if repowering with larger turbines becomes possible). Insurance payments as well as maintenance and other service provision might offer further potential for savings, considering that none of them would generate any further earnings if the turbine was dismantled.
The extent to which continued operation of a wind turbine makes sense and is economically viable must be judged on a case-by-case basis. Beside pure economics, it also depends on the owner and operator’s expectations of income. An additional attraction for some operators might be to secure a site for repowering (on the basis of a changed legal situation in the future) while initially keeping the existing turbine operating on a decreased income and replacing it by a much larger turbine later.
When an operator decides not to continue operating a wind turbine for economic reasons, a last alternative to dismantling is the sale of the turbine to another operator specialising in continued operation.
Financial considerations may mean shutdown and dismantling for many older wind turbines. TÜV SÜD’s services can help to extend the operating life of your wind turbine and keep your turbine available as a renewable energy source. Just ask our experts for details.
The decision as to which of the four options is suitable for which operator and which turbine at which site must be founded on detailed analysis. Irrespective of the most attractive option for you, TÜV SÜD supports you along the whole life cycle throughout every phase of operation of your wind turbine.
Continued operation and the related necessity of setting up new contracts and dealing with other issues needing clarification might seem to involve enormous efforts at first glance. Nevertheless, this option is often actually the one with the least effort and fewest changes: the turbine still remains in operation and the number of involved parties (authorities, insurance etc.) is still low compared to the other options.
An expert analysis for continued operation is often also required when the turbine is sold. Furthermore, detailed Due Diligence Checks are necessary. If desired, we can also offer our services for this.
If dismantling of the turbine is the chosen option, many other topics will need clarification; additionally, heavy equipment is necessary.
In repowering, old turbines are replaced by a lower number of newer turbines with increased nominal power and efficiency. This usually results in increased hub heights and rotor diameters. In sum, higher annual energy production by the wind park is usually possible afterwards. In addition to the dismantling operations involved, planning and preparation for the erection of the new turbines often goes on in parallel, sometimes resulting in individual synergy effects. Replacement of a single turbine by a larger one with greater annual energy production and higher efficiency is often reasonable and feasible. Due to the political boundary conditions in many countries worldwide, not many wind parks can currently be repowered feasibly and cost-effectively. With an eye to local ongoing political debate, continued operation of a wind turbine or wind park could be worth considering – even if only moderately economically viable – with the hope of changes to political boundary conditions in the near future.
In the situations described above, the question might arise as to what fundamental boundary conditions need to be fulfilled for continued operation of a wind turbine to become a viable option.
In summary, continued operation of a wind turbine may be feasible in principle if
- A positive evaluation report for continued operation is available
- Continued operation is economically viable
- There are no opposing legal interests
- Repowering is not possible or economically viable
Continued operation is most likely to be possible when the wind turbine
- Has not faced any extreme events (strong hurricanes, “storm of the century”)
- Is located in a wind park with >5D in main wind direction
- Has undergone regular service and maintenance together with appropriate corrective
actions and repairs
- Was inspected regularly as part of recurring inspections and the last inspection report
does not show any serious faults (report in 18th or 19th year of operation)
Solutions to achieve both mass-market acceptance and a levelised cost of energy.
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